Quality of western Canadian canola 2021
Oil content
In 2021, Canola, No.1 Canada had an oil content of 41.3%, which is much lower than the 2020 average of 44.1% and the 5-year average of 44.4% (Table 1). The 2021 average canola oil content was the lowest average oil content observed since 2003 (41.8%; Figure 9). In 2021, only 13.4% of the samples showed an oil content greater than the 5-year average.
Canola, No. 1 Canada samples from Alberta-Peace River showed a slightly higher average oil content at 41.6% than samples of the same grade from Manitoba and Saskatchewan (41.1%) (Table 2). The oil content of individual Canola, No.1 Canada samples harvested in 2021 ranged from 36.2% to 47.2% in Manitoba, 33.9% to 49.4% in Saskatchewan and 34.2% to 48.9% in Alberta-Peace River (Table 2).
Oil content for Canola, No. 2 Canada (40.6%) is lower than Canola, No. 1 Canada (41.3%). Oil content for Canola, No. 2 Canada samples from western Canada ranged from 34.2% to 48.9% (Table 2). In 2021, the average oil content for Canola, No. 3 Canada and Sample grade was 39.2% and 41.2%, respectively.
Oil content is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. For any known canola variety, hot and dry growing conditions rather than cool conditions, will result in canola seeds with lower oil content. The high number of days with temperatures over 30°C (Figure 5), both pre and post flowering, combined with the lack of precipitation during the entire 2021 growing season (Figure 3) explains the record low oil content observed this year. These extreme growing conditions were spread throughout the entire western canola growing area, leading to no major geographical differences in terms of seed oil content in 2021. Precipitation was extremely localized, however, which explains why some samples still had a very high oil content.
The mean oil content of CC Canola, No. 1 Canada exports was 40.9% for December 2021 and 41.0% for August to November 2021 (Table 4). When compared to oil content from the harvest samples, the CC and the NCC exports of Canola, No.1 Canada both had a lower average oil content due to dilution from dockage. Harvest samples are completely clean (0.00% dockage). Average dockage for the CC exports was 1.82% for December 2021 and 1.61% for the August to November 2021, while the value for last year’s shipping season was 1.61% (Table 4). NCC exports had an average of 2.83% for August to December 2021 (Table 4). The exports for this year’s shipping season showed an important decrease in oil content compared to last year exports, which corresponds to the decreased oil content found in the 2021 harvest samples.
Figure 9 Oil content of seed (%, 8.5% moisture) for Canola, No. 1 Canada
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Figure 9 Oil content of seed (%, 8.5% moisture) for Canola, No. 1 Canada Year Oil content (%) 2000 43.2 2001 42.8 2002 42.5 2003 41.8 2004 43.3 2005 44.4 2006 44.6 2007 43.4 2008 44.3 2009 44.5 2010 44.3 2011 45.2 2012 43.5 2013 44.8 2014 44.2 2015 44.2 2016 44.3 2017 45.0 2018 44.1 2019 44.6 2020 44.1 2021 41.3
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