Quality of western Canadian oats in 2024

This report presents harvest quality data and production statistics for western Canadian oats grown in 2024. Oat samples were submitted to the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program by producers. Quality data is compiled from the results of analytical tests performed in the Grain Research Laboratory.

Annual harvest survey of oats

The annual oats survey is based on oat samples submitted to the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program. In 2024, we received 253 samples from various growing districts in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and British Columbia (Figure 1). The majority of samples in 2024 were graded No. 3 Canada Western (CW) based on their test weight (Figure 2). The protein content of oats in 2024 was below the 5-year average for each grade (Figure 3). A comparison of the average protein content (%, dry basis) of oats grown in each province in 2024 is given in Figure 4.

Figure 1  Origin and number of oat samples collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024.
Figure 1 description to follow
Figure description

Map of western Canada with dots showing the origin and number of oat samples received in 2024. Seventy-three samples came from southern Manitoba, 119 from southern and central Saskatchewan, 57 from Alberta and 1 from northeastern British Columbia.

Figure 2  Comparison of test weight (kg/hL) ranges of oat samples collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program from 2019 to 2024. The number of samples for each year is in parentheses.
Figure 2 description to follow
Graph data

The boxes in the graph show the range of test weight values in the middle 50% of the analyzed samples. Quartiles and means are represented by boxes and horizontal lines, respectively. Asterisks indicate the maximum and minimum values.

Test weight (kg/hL)
Year Number of samples Weighted average
2019 240 55.2
2020 324 54.2
2021 224 51.8
2022 279 54.1
2023 182 54.1
2024 212 52.3
Figure 3  Average protein contentFootnote 1 (%, db) in oats of different grades collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program for each year from 2019 to 2024.
description follows
Graph data
Protein content (%, db)
Year No. 1 CW No. 2 CW No. 3 CW
2019 11.3 11.8 11.5
2020 11.2 11.8 11.9
2021 12.7 13.3 13.2
2022 11.7 11.9 11.9
2023 11.9 12.2 12.0
2024 11.7 11.9 12.1
5-year average 11.8 12.2 12.1
Figure 4  Comparison of average protein contentFootnote 1 (%, db) in oats grown in different provinces in 2024. The number of samples for each grade is in parentheses.
Figure 4 description to follow
Graph data
Alberta
Grade No. of samples Protein content (%, db) SD
No. 1 CW 10 12.1 0.7
No. 2 CW 14 12.5 1.2
No. 3 CW 14 12.6 1.3
Saskatchewan
Grade No. of samples Protein content (%, db) SD
No. 1 CW 3 10.2 1.6
No. 2 CW 32 11.6 1.1
No. 3 CW 40 12.1 1.1
Manitoba
Grade No. of samples Protein content (%, db) SD
No. 1 CW 0 - -
No. 2 CW 17 12.0 0.6
No. 3 CW 25 11.9 0.6

Table 1  Protein content (%, db) and test weight (kg/hL) for oat varieties collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024

Oats, No. 1 Canada Western
Variety Number of samples Protein content  Footnote 1, % db Test weight, kg/hL
Mean SD Mean SD
AAC Douglas 0 - - - -
AC Morgan 9 12.0 0.7 57.2 2.4
AC Mustang 1 13.0 - 56.3 -
CDC Anson 0 - - - -
CDC Arborg 2 10.0 2.3 56.0 0.1
CS Camden 0 - - - -
CDC Endure 0 - - - -
CDC Ruffian 0 - - - -
CDC SO-I 0 - - - -
Leggett 0 - - - -
ORe3542M 1 10.8 - 56.5 -
Pinnacle 0 - - - -
Summit 0 - - - -
Oats, No. 2 Canada Western
Variety Number of samples Protein content  Footnote 1, % db Test weight, kg/hL
Mean SD Mean SD
AAC Douglas 3 12.0 0.1 53.8 0.5
AC Morgan 8 12.0 0.9 53.9 0.7
AC Mustang 1 11.9 - 55.2 -
CDC Anson 1 12.3 - 53.0 -
CDC Arborg 6 12.4 1.5 53.8 0.9
CS Camden 10 12.5 0.9 54.0 0.7
CDC Endure 6 10.7 0.7 54.1 1.0
CDC Ruffian 4 11.7 0.8 54.3 1.3
CDC SO-I 0 - - - -
Leggett 3 11.9 0.9 55.2 0.7
ORe3542M 2 11.9 0.1 54.1 1.5
Pinnacle 2 12.0 0.6 53.3 0.1
Summit 9 11.6 0.4 53.6 0.7
Oats, No. 3 Canada Western
Variety Number of samples Protein content  Footnote 1, % db Test weight, kg/hL
Mean SD Mean SD
AAC Douglas 3 12.3 0.3 51.5 0.5
AC Morgan 7 12.2 1.3 53.2 3.0
AC Mustang 1 11.4 - 55.9 -
CDC Anson 2 11.8 0.0 51.6 0.6
CDC Arborg 19 12.3 0.9 52.2 1.8
CS Camden 13 12.0 0.7 51.7 0.5
CDC Endure 10 11.7 1.4 52.3 1.9
CDC Ruffian 0 - - - -
CDC SO-I 0 - - - -
Leggett 1 11.9 - 56.3 -
ORe3542M 0 - - - -
Pinnacle 1 12.1 - 51.6 -
Summit 9 12.1 0.9 52.2 1.6
Oats, No. 4 Canada Western
Variety Number of samples Protein content  Footnote 1, % db Test weight, kg/hL
Mean SD Mean SD
AAC Douglas 3 12.0 0.5 49.7 0.4
AC Morgan 3 12.3 0.3 51.6 3.8
AC Mustang 0 - - - -
CDC Anson 0 - - - -
CDC Arborg 16 12.5 1.0 48.8 0.9
CS Camden 5 13.1 0.9 49.3 0.9
CDC Endure 10 12.5 0.3 49.3 0.7
CDC Ruffian 0 - - - -
CDC SO-I 3 12.0 1.2 49.7 0.2
Leggett 0 - - - -
ORe3542M 1 12.6 - 48.6 -
Pinnacle 1 11.5 - 49.4 -
Summit 4 11.7 0.6 49.4 0.6
Table 2  Percentage of samples containing different levels (ppm) of deoxynivalenol (DON) for all grades of oat samples collected through the Canadian Grain Commission’s Harvest Sample Program in 2024
Deoxynivalenol (DON) level (ppm) Western Canada
(n = 250)
British Columbia
(n = 1)
Alberta
(n = 57)
Saskatchewan
(n = 119)
Manitoba
(n = 73)
Below Limit (< 0.3 ppm) 77.6 0 87.7 77.3 71.2
0.3 to 0.5 15.6 100.0 8.8 17.6 16.4
0.6 to 1.0 5.6 0 1.8 5.0 9.6
1.1 to 2.0 0.8 0 1.8 0 1.4
2.1 to 5.0 0.4 0 0 0 1.4
5.1 to 6.0 0 0 0 0 0
Above limit (> 6.0 ppm) 0 0 0 0 0

Composition of groats from selected oat varieties

A comparison of groat quality for varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024 is given for proteins (Figure 5), beta-glucans (Figure 6), lipids (Figure 7), and ash (Figure 8). All oat samples selected for analyses were graded No. 2 CW or No. 3 CW based on their test weight; no other degrading factors were identified. The samples were sorted for size using a 5.5/64” x ¾” slotted screen and only plump kernels remaining on the screen were dehulled to produce groats (Codema LLCTM Laboratory Oat Huller). Figures 5 to 8 show the number of samples for each variety in parentheses.

Figure 5  Comparison of the protein content (%, db) in groats of selected oat varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024Footnote 2.
description to follow
Graph data
Groat protein content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety 2023 2024
CDC Ruffian 15.8 (1) 13.4 (2)
CDC Endure 14.9 (5) 13.5 (10)
ORe3542M 16.3 (3) 14.6 (3)
Summit 15.5 (7) 14.8 (10)
CDC Anson - (0) 15.0 (3)
AAC Douglas 16.4 (4) 15.3 (5)
CS Camden 17.2 (6) 15.8 (11)
AC Morgan 14.6 (7) 16.0 (11)
CDC Arborg 15.6 (9) 16.2 (12)
Figure 6  Comparison of the beta-glucan content (%, db) in groats of selected oat varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024Footnote 2.
description to follow
Graph data
Groat beta-glucan content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety 2023 2024
CDC Ruffian 4.48 (1) 4.00 (2)
AC Morgan 4.07 (7) 4.22 (11)
ORe3542M 4.70 (3) 4.54 (3)
Summit 4.56 (7) 4.99 (10)
CS Camden 4.63 (6) 5.25 (11)
CDC Arborg 4.94 (9) 5.27 (12)
CDC Endure 5.22 (5) 5.43 (10)
AAC Douglas 5.22 (4) 5.51 (5)
CDC Anson - (0) 6.57 (3)
Figure 7  Comparison of the lipid content (%, db) in groats of selected oat varieties grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024Footnote 2.
Figure 7 description to follow
Graph data
Groat lipid content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety 2023 2024
CDC Arborg 5.79 (9) 5.56 (12)
AC Morgan 5.91 (7) 6.15 (11)
AAC Douglas 6.64 (4) 6.23 (5)
ORe3542M 5.90 (3) 6.44 (3)
Summit 7.04 (7) 6.61 (10)
CDC Endure 6.67 (5) 6.70 (10)
CDC Ruffian - (0) 6.77 (2)
CDC Anson - (0) 6.91 (3)
CS Camden 6.87 (6) 6.99 (11)
Figure 8  Ash content (%, db) of groats obtained after dehulling selected varieties of oats grown in the Prairies in 2023 and 2024Footnote 2.
Figure 8 description to follow
Graph data
Groat ash content (%, db)
(number of samples in parentheses)
Variety 2023 2024
ORe3542M 1.69 (3) 1.67 (3)
CDC Ruffian - (0) 1.74 (2)
CDC Endure 1.73 (5) 1.81 (10)
AC Morgan 1.88 (7) 1.81 (11)
CDC Anson - (0) 1.82 (3)
CS Camden 1.74 (6) 1.88 (11)
CDC Arborg 1.62 (9) 1.89 (12)
AAC Douglas 1.89 (4) 2.04 (5)
Summit 1.82 (7) 2.04 (10)

Production statistics

Table 3  Area (million hectares) seeded with oats in CanadaFootnote a
Location 2024 2023 5-year averageFootnote b
Manitoba 0.212 0.192 0.254
Saskatchewan 0.511 0.418 0.670
Alberta 0.319 0.283 0.349
British Columbia 0.032 0.033 0.031
Western Canada 1.074 0.926 1.304
Canada 1.174 1.026 1.426

Table 3 Notes

Table 3 Note 1

Source: Statistics Canada, estimated as of December 5, 2024

Return to table 3 note a

Table 3 Note 2

5-year average from 2019 to 2023

Return to table 3 note b

Figure 9  Comparison of area (million hectares) seeded with oats in western Canada from 2015 to 2024.
Figure 9 description to follow
Graph data
Area seeded with oats (million hectares)
Year Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta Western Canada Canada
2015 0.198 0.668 0.293 1.190 1.360
2016 0.180 0.559 0.333 1.098 1.232
2017 0.210 0.672 0.279 1.190 1.295
2018 0.196 0.569 0.322 1.117 1.235
2019 0.213 0.727 0.364 1.331 1.455
2020 0.281 0.751 0.357 1.418 1.554
2021 0.301 0.691 0.358 1.382 1.502
2022 0.282 0.764 0.382 1.463 1.593
2023 0.192 0.418 0.283 0.926 1.026
2024 0.212 0.511 0.319 1.074 1.174
Table 4  Oat production (million tonnes) in CanadaFootnote a
Location 2024 2023 5-year averageFootnote b
Manitoba 0.934 0.653 0.900
Saskatchewan 1.470 1.034 1.853
Alberta 0.631 0.642 0.776
British Columbia 0.061 0.067 0.066
Western Canada 3.096 2.396 3.595
Canada 3.358 2.643 3.914

Table 4 Notes

Table 4 Note 1

Source: Statistics Canada, estimated as of December 5, 2024

Return to table 4 note a

Table 4 Note 2

5-year average from 2019 to 2023

Return to table 4 note b

Figure 10  Comparison of oat production (million tonnes) in western Canada from 2015 to 2024.
Figure 10 description to follow
Graph data
Production of oats (million tonnes)
Year Manitoba Saskatchewan Alberta Western Canada Canada
2015 0.595 1.928 0.393 2.974 3.425
2016 0.569 1.653 0.625 2.903 3.231
2017 0.821 1.989 0.609 3.469 3.733
2018 0.709 1.689 0.700 3.171 3.436
2019 0.794 2.215 0.835 3.901 4.227
2020 1.117 2.296 0.802 4.273 4.576
2021 0.767 1.153 0.547 2.549 2.899
2022 1.169 2.567 1.055 4.857 5.226
2023 0.653 1.034 0.642 2.396 2.643
2024 0.934 1.470 0.631 3.096 3.358
Figure 11  Distribution of oat classes as percentage (%) of area seeded with oats in western Canada from 2019 to 2024Footnote 3.
Figure 11 description to follow
Graph data
% of area seeded with oats
Year Milling Feed and Forage Hulless Not specified
2019 84.3 7.7 0.1 8.0
2020 84.4 7.3 0.1 8.1
2021 86.4 7.6 0.0 6.0
2022 86.3 6.9 0.0 6.8
2023 81.6 10.6 0.0 7.8
2024 82.5 9.6 0.0 7.9
Figure 12  Distribution of oat classes in each province as percentage (%) of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2023 and 2024Footnote 3.

2023

Figure 12a description to follow

2024

Figure 12b description to follow
Graph data
% of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2023
Location Milling Feed and Forage Hulless Not specified
Alberta 18.3 5.7 0.0 0.1
Saskatchewan 35.3 3.7 0.0 6.2
Manitoba 28.0 1.2 0.0 1.5
% of area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024
Location Milling Feed and Forage Hulless Not specified
Alberta 17.7 4.0 0.0 0.0
Saskatchewan 38.1 3.7 0.0 7.1
Manitoba 24.4 0.8 0.0 0.5
Figure 13  Comparison of area seeded with oat varieties in western Canada from 2019 to 2024. Variety names, class and registration dates include: CS Camden (milling, 2014), AC Morgan (milling, 2000), CDC Arborg (milling, 2017), Summit (milling, 2008), CDC Endure (milling, 2019), AAC Douglas (milling, 2019), CDC Haymaker (forage, 2015), AC Mustang (feed, 1994), Triactor (milling, 2007)Footnote 3.
Graph data
% of area seeded with oat varieties in western Canada
Year CS Camden AC Morgan CDC Arborg Summit CDC Endure AAC Douglas CDC Haymaker AC Mustang Triactor
2019 32.50 19.56 0.10 17.62 0.00 0.01 1.49 1.67 3.45
2020 33.16 18.12 3.69 16.65 0.00 0.01 2.00 1.27 3.24
2021 31.01 18.04 9.82 15.42 1.02 0.07 2.01 1.83 1.89
2022 28.23 19.93 12.83 13.23 4.56 0.58 1.76 1.62 1.56
2023 21.34 18.25 13.60 13.12 7.00 2.86 3.12 1.75 2.08
2024 18.86 18.60 17.40 12.12 8.39 4.83 3.29 2.46 1.91
Figure 14  Area seeded with the top eight milling oat varieties in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba as percentage (%) of area seeded with milling oats in western Canada in 2024Footnote 3.

Alberta

Figure 14 description to follow

Saskatchewan

Figure 14 description to follow

Manitoba

Figure 14 description to follow
Graph data
% of area seeded with milling oats in Alberta
Variety Area seeded
CS Camden 2.5
AC Morgan 12.26
CDC Arborg 2.58
Summit 0.02
CDC Endure 0.41
AAC Douglas 0.17
CDC Haymaker 0.94
AC Mustang 1.06
% of area seeded with milling oats in Saskatchewan
Variety Area seeded
CS Camden 11.22
AC Morgan 4.63
CDC Arborg 12.25
Summit 2.56
CDC Endure 4.19
AAC Douglas 0.31
CDC Haymaker 1.98
AC Mustang 0.15
% of area seeded with milling oats in Manitoba
Variety Area seeded
CS Camden 5.07
AC Morgan 0.13
CDC Arborg 1.93
Summit 9.54
CDC Endure 3.74
AAC Douglas 4.31
CDC Haymaker 0.34
AC Mustang 0.00

Table 5  Distribution of milling, feed and forage oat varieties as a percentage (%) of the total area seeded with oats in western Canada in 2024Footnote 3

Milling oats
Variety Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Western Canada
CS Camden 2.50 11.22 5.07 18.86
AC Morgan 12.26 4.63 0.13 18.60
CDC Arborg 2.58 12.25 1.93 17.40
Summit 0.02 2.56 9.54 12.12
CDC Endure 0.41 4.19 3.74 8.39
AAC Douglas 0.17 0.31 4.31 4.83
Triactor 0.00 1.91 0.00 1.91
CDC Ruffian 0.00 1.19 0.00 1.20
ORe3542M 0.48 0.16 0.42 1.10
Derby 0.63 0.23 0.00 0.86
CDC Dancer 0.00 0.81 0.00 0.81
Souris 0.00 0.24 0.54 0.78
Pinnacle 0.00 0.26 0.31 0.56
CDC Morrison 0.00 0.26 0.10 0.36
ORe3541M 0.07 0.12 0.17 0.36
CDC Minstrel 0.04 0.29 0.00 0.33
Leggett 0.00 0.21 0.12 0.33
CDC Orrin 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.29
Other 0.09 0.27 0.11 0.51
Total milling 19.26 41.40 26.48 89.59
Feed and forage oats
Variety Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Western Canada
CDC Haymaker 0.94 1.98 0.34 3.29
AC Mustang 1.06 0.15 0.00 2.46
CDC SO-I 0.67 0.91 0.33 1.90
CDC Nasser 0.69 0.31 0.00 1.00
CDC Baler 0.34 0.43 0.10 0.87
Other 0.67 0.16 0.04 0.89
Total feed and forage 4.39 3.93 0.82 10.41